Some experts once analyzed the reasons for the aging of excavators after 5000 hours of operation:
1.The main particulate impurities in the hydraulic system come from the normal mechanical wear and tear of the hydraulic system, and the air in the fuel tank will also bring in dust. The “disassembly and assembly pollution” of the hydraulic system overhaul “the iron filings and impurities that are smashed by the hydraulic pump and less than 10 microns or less than the filtration accuracy of the hydraulic oil filter element are all in the oil.”
2.When hydraulic oil is used for 2000 hours, the oil will also entrain a small amount of air bubbles in the flow. From then on, the oil will be oxidized. The acidity generated by the oxidation of the hydraulic oil will change the color of the oil, or red or red. Black, increase the corrosiveness to metals. The sludge deposits produced after rust will block the hydraulic oil filter element, the hydraulic oil radiator and the small oil circuit valve gaps on the distributor.
3.In the hydraulic oil tank, the air bubbles mixed in the oil will circulate with the oil, which will reduce the pressure of the system, the lubrication conditions will deteriorate and abnormal noise will be produced, the hydraulic piston rod will become black, the speed of the machine will slow down, and the movement will be inconsistent. Commonly known as “mechanical cerebral thrombosis.”
It can be seen that maintenance and daily maintenance are very important to the life of the hydraulic system of the excavator. So in the usual maintenance, what should we pay attention to?
1 Pay more attention when changing hydraulic oil
According to statistics: the hydraulic oil in most hydraulic oil tanks of excavators is exactly 1/2 of the total oil used in the hydraulic system of the whole machine, and the remaining hydraulic oil is stored in hydraulic pumps, motors, multi-way valves, hydraulic cylinders and various parts. In the pipeline. When changing the oil. If only the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank is replaced, instead of replacing all the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system of the vehicle, this method is just to blend the old oil with the new oil.
Therefore, it is necessary to fundamentally solve the problem of hydraulic system cleaning. It cannot be solved by simply changing the oil in the hydraulic oil tank. Only by circulating the old oil in the vacuum filter system while the hydraulic system is operating can the cleaning of the hydraulic oil be fundamentally improved. Spend.
2. The high temperature of the hydraulic oil of the excavator is directly related to the maintenance and changing of the oil at ordinary times. Frequent changing of the filter element will not solve any major problems.
1） According to the oil standard of construction machinery, the pollution degree of the general hydraulic oil should be controlled at NAS≤8. When the new hydraulic oil is filled in the oil station barrel, the filtration accuracy is required to be 1 to 3 microns.
2） According to the hydraulic design standard of the hydraulic oil circuit of construction machinery, the filtration accuracy of the hydraulic oil filter element can only be limited to a minimum of ≥10 microns, and the filter element of some loaders may even have a greater filtration accuracy. If it is less than 10 microns, it will affect the oil return flow and the working speed of the car, and even the filter element will be broken!
(The most commonly used selection of hydraulic oil filter element for construction machinery: the filtration accuracy is 10μm50%, the pressure range is 1, 4 ~ 3, 5MPa, the rated flow is 40 ~ 400L/min, and the recommended replacement time is 1000h.)
3）The service life of hydraulic oil is usually 4000-5000h, which is about two years. Experts suggest that the filtration and purification time of hydraulic oil should be 2000-2500 hours or once a year, and it should be purified once when the oil is changed. Let the old oil in the system become new oil after purification, and then add new oil, so that the remaining old oil will not contaminate the new oil.
The best treatment method: regularly filter and purify the oil in the oil tank and the oil circuit system with a vacuum oil filter dedicated for hydraulic oil to remove excess water and mechanical impurities in the oil, and to maintain the cleanliness of the oil hydraulic pressure on a regular basis In the cleanliness level NAS6-8, the moisture is within the scope of the national standard, and the control oil is not easy to age, so that the excavating equipment is not easy to be damaged, and the oil is durable, so as to avoid more loss and waste.
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Post time: Nov-19-2021